Describe formal and informal communication networks in the business organization.
Formal Communication:
The communication in which the flow of information is already defined is termed
as Formal Communication. The communication follows a hierarchical chain of
command which is established by the organization itself. In general, this type
of communication is used exclusively in the workplace, and the employees are
bound to follow it while performing their duties.
Organizational Structure:
Example:
Requests, commands, orders, reports etc.
The formal communication is of four
types:
·
Upward or Bottom-up:
The communication in which the flow of information goes from subordinate to
superior authority.
·
Downward or Top-down:
The communication in which the flow of information goes from superior to
subordinate.
·
Horizontal or Lateral:
The communication between two employees of different departments working at the
same level.
·
Crosswise or Diagonal:
The communication between the employees of two different departments working at
different levels.
Informal Communication: The
communication which does not follow any pre-defined channel for the
transmission of information is known as informal communication. This type of
communication moves freely in all directions, and thus, it is very quick and
rapid. In any organization, this type of communication is very natural as
people interact with each other about their professional life, personal life,
and other matter.
Example:
Sharing of feelings, casual discussion, gossips, etc.
The informal
communication is of four types:
· Single
Strand Chain: The communication in which one person
tell something to another, who again says something to some other person and
the process goes on.
Figure: Single Strand
Chain
· Cluster
Chain: The communication in which one person tells something
to some of its most trusted people, and then they tell them to their
trustworthy friends and the communication continues.
Figure: Cluster Chain
· Probability
Chain: The communication happens when a person randomly
chooses some persons to pass on the information which is of little interest but
not important.
Figure: Probability Chain
Gossip Chain:
The communication starts when a person tells something to a group of people,
and then they pass on the information to some more people and in this way the
information is passed on to everyone.
Figure: Gossip Chain
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